ROOT VEGETABLES – Expert Gardening Concepts

ROOT crops in the mean time are sometimes thought-about merely as important to the welfare of our our our our bodies all by means of the winter months as are beans, corn, and peas all by means of the summer season season season months. By the way in which by which, whereas it’s true that a few of these root crops, like beets and carrots, are additional tender if saved in cans reasonably than sand or soil, it might truly’t be denied that, all through the strategy of canning, their invaluable vitamin-carrying qualities are appreciably diminished. As a consequence of this reality, in suggesting varieties, I’ve been dominated by their retaining qualities beneath cellar-storage circumstances reasonably than by their suitability for canning options.

In reference to the premise crops, in response to their relative vitamin-carrying qualities, turnips rank first, carrots second, and beets final. Since kohlrabi and rutabaga, or Swedish turnip, are members of the turnip household, it’s protected to say that they’ve a minimal of as heaps nutritive worth.

As fifty %. of all People, irrespective of sophistication, are over-fed and under-nourished, and seventy-five %. of all ailments that assault the human physique are immediately or in a roundabout approach traceable to this set off, an additional thorough information of the nutritive worth of the quite a few greens would undoubtedly assist us all to bigger correctly being. In these statements I’m sustained by a medical authority just about vitamin, or reasonably mal-nutrition. The “drained feeling” that assaults many people in late winter and early spring is proof that our our our our bodies are ill-nourished. And, since such indicators are most prevalent all by means of that season, it’s apparent that, with all our steadily advancing information of vitamin, we aren’t, as nevertheless, fortifying ourselves sufficiently in opposition to winter.

The chief causes of ill-nourishment are a scarcity of an correct quantity of dietary dietary nutritional vitamins and an abundance of roughage. Fats, carbohydrates and protein will protect life. They’re, nonetheless, not alone ample to set off the human engine to perform to perfection. Roughage is required to take away accumulations of impurities; dietary dietary nutritional vitamins are the issue wished to create the sturdy pink blood important to illness resistance.

The preparation of the underside for root crops must be deep and thorough, and plowing is preferable to spading. All weed roots which aren’t totally buried by the plow and present above flooring after dragging must be pulled out by hand and consigned to the compost heap. The underside must be disc-harrowed, dragged, and raked to as massive a state of affairs as doable. I select to have the underside lie varied days after being ready ahead of planting, so that it’d settle considerably, and if a rain follows the preparation, all of the higher. Land moist from rain is not going to must be tramped down over the seed, as will seemingly be totally wished all through the case of dry soil.

As a regular challenge, root crops mustn’t succeed one another, nonetheless be rotated with vine or leaf crops.

Root crops go away nothing all through the soil and take largely from it. Vines and several other sorts of greens go away an enormous proportion of the enlargement to be returned to the soil, and are, because of this, so much a lot much less exhaustive of fertility. Really this isn’t of as heaps second on the restricted home of the kitchen yard, whose fertility is actually maintained by the making use of of animal fertilizers and the humus from a compost heap.

BEETS

Sow beet seeds as early all through the spring because the underside can also be labored up massive and mellow. Mild, well-enriched soil matches them largest. The seed must be sown in drills, one foot aside, sowing the seed an inch deep and treading down the rows. When the vegetation are massive sufficient, skinny out to face 4 to 6 inches aside all through the rows; keep them free from weeds and the soil straightforward and mellow by frequent cultivations. If wished for greens, sowings of seed can also be made each two weeks as so much as the center of August, or, if nonetheless an early crop of greens is wished, the underside can also be used for late peas when the beets are out of the way in which by which by means of which.

The regulation packet will sow twenty ft of row. For a relentless current sow a fifteen-foot row each week from the center of April till August first. One ounce every of an early mid-season and late selection presents sufficient beets all by the use of summer season season season, fall and winter.

CARROTS

Are one amongst many financial greens, being not solely exceedingly healthful and toothsome, nonetheless, an identical to the candy corn, possess the benefit of being edible in root and extreme, the inexperienced tops being heaps relished by cows and horses, and the peelings and any surplus roots forming a most precious addition to the winter ration of horse and cow. The juice of the yellow carrot, when expressed by grating the uncooked root and urgent the juice by means of a fabric, makes an impressive and innocent shade for butter, giving it the much-prized golden tint of early grass butter all through the spring.

An exquisite story is educated of a mom who took an anemic daughter to a well-known doctor well-known for his bluffness and brevity. A quick inspection, a briefer “claret,” and a wave of the hand dismissed affected particular person and matter. A month or six weeks later the mom returned accompanied by a blooming daughter, and on the doctor’s nod of approval, the mom, turning into loquacious, outlined that she “gave them to her 3 events a day cooked and uncooked.” “Uncooked!” exclaimed the doctor in amazement. When it transpired that his transient instructions of claret had been understood as carrots, and so they additionally had been liberally equipped with the outcomes of fantastic restoration, whether or not or not or not by means of the medium of religion or the medicinal qualities of the vegetable, remained a matter of specific particular person experiment, nonetheless it’s an merchandise in favour of the carrots that they’re of no unsure tonic worth to animals.

To develop carrots in perfection requires a wealthy, deep, sandy loam, totally ready and deeply cultivated. For an early crop, the seed must be sown in April or Could in drills, one foot to fifteen inches aside, scattering the seeds as thinly and evenly all through the rows as doable and tramping them down. For a late crop, the seed can also be sown as late as July 1st. As quickly on account of the vegetation are massive sufficient, they must be thinned to face 4 inches aside all through the rows and have to be saved away from weeds and correctly cultivated. Just a little little bit of nitrate of soda drilled into the soil alongside the rows will enormously hasten the enlargement, or the nitrate can also be utilized with a watering pot by dissolving it in water. Phosphate labored into the rows ahead of sowing the seed is a assist to fast progress when the animal fertilizer is restricted, nonetheless merely just isn’t wished in well-fertilized land. For desk use, the varieties generally often known as Oxheart, Chantenay, and Paris Forcing, all often classed as bunching carrots, must be chosen. Danvers Half Extended is a really clear, engaging selection, and, if correctly cultivated and thinned sufficiently, will develop to massive measurement and current worthwhile for inventory together with for the desk, as even when massive they’re by no means coarse.

ONIONS

Primarily primarily probably the most clever methodology of rising onions all through the kitchen yard is by the use of gadgets, which can be set out early in spring in shallow drills twelve inches aside and the gadgets 4 inches aside all through the drills. The underside have to be deeply dug and totally pulverized, and when the onions are as a lot as allow them to be seen, hand weeding by means of the rows will be wished. The hand-cultivator can also be used to handle the realm between the rows free from weeds.

Care have to be taken to not enable the mature onions to selection seed, as this may render them unfit for meals, the seed stalk forming a woody coronary coronary heart all through the onion, which resists all efforts to rearrange dinner tender. By watching the vegetation and breaking off all blossom stalks as they selection, the onions will preserve match to be used when saved for the winter.

There is not going to be any onions, nonetheless, so tender and delicate for desk use as these grown from seed, which can be sown all through the open flooring early in March or April and thinned out to face three or 4 inches aside all through the rows. Or they may at first be thinned to face from one to 2 inches aside, and as quickly as massive sufficient. for the desk, use as youthful, inexperienced onions ; each completely completely different onion can also be eradicated, permitting the remaining to mature for winter use.

A technique of customized we’ve got discovered very passable is to sow seed in drills in August in very finely ready flooring, which have to be saved correctly cultivated and freed from weeds. A mulch of straw or completely completely different coarse litter as safety all by means of winter must be given after the setting in of chilly native climate, and this must be eradicated in spring. Seed sown at that season provides an abundance of early onions of the tenderest and highest prime quality, and your entire crop can also be gathered in time for an additional sowing of seed all through the next August. Onions succeed correctly when grown yr after yr on the an an identical flooring, and when the mattress is correctly cared for one or two years, it ought to get in fantastic tilth and is actually saved free from weeds.

By sowing onion seed in frames and transplanting in April, onions of immense measurement can also be produced, and the labour merely just isn’t heaps bigger than that required by planting all through the open flooring, thinning, and giving the required preliminary weeding. In setting the youthful onions, which could be very small and tender, a shallow trench is dug and the vegetation laid in opposition to the aspect of it at intervals of 4 inches, the earth being then stuffed in and pressed down in opposition to them with the hoe. The desk herewith provides the acknowledged leaders amongst onions for residence and market yard.

ONIONS OF MERIT

One packet every of an early white, massive early yellow and late pink typically provides all of the onions for reasonably priced use in a indicate household. A packet sows 25 ft of row which, on good soil, yields 1/2

ONIONS AND THE MILD “BERMUDAS”

It’s a undeniable fact that these sorts of onions which can be grown to extraordinary measurement are actually not Bermuda onions in the least, nonetheless sure sorts of Spanish onion. The Bermuda onions applicable are small to medium sized flat bulbs, averaging no more than two and a half inches in diameter by one inch by means of. No quantity of additional begin may make them develop any bigger due to they’re a truly early selection, ripening inside sixty days from the time seeds are sown. They’re of three varieties, significantly, the Bermuda Crystal Wax, a pure white bulb;

White Bermuda, a yellow skinned fellow; and Purple Bermuda, the rosy-coloured companion of the choice two. These Bermuda onions are infamous for his or her mildness and for his or her poor retaining qualities. There is also one member of this kind, nonetheless, initially from Italy, Large White Italian Tripoli,which, after naturalization correct proper right here, is named Mammoth Silver King. That is the enormous number of the pure white, flat onion; and if began beneath glass, it may develop to a weight of from two to 3 kilos.

Nevertheless, even that selection merely just isn’t as fascinating a specimen of large onion on account of the misnamed “Bermuda onions” which we see displayed on the flowery fruit stands all by the use of the nation, and which could be large, globe-shaped, yellow-skinned fellows.

The distinctive of this tribe was a European selection typically known as Yellow Zittau Large which in due time gravitated to America, and about twenty-five years before now, was launched as American Prize-Taker. Virtually the an an identical time, the well-known home of Vilmorin in France “found” a really heaps milder flavoured onion of yellow, globe-shaped form in Spain, cultivated it for varied years in France, and provided it then beneath the title of Large Spanish. The late W. Atlee Burpee launched this selection into America, and it subsequently obtained its place as Gigantic Gibraltar, differing from Prize-Taker in having a deeper inexperienced extreme, and proving additional proof in opposition to blight and mildew.

Topic on account of it was to appreciable variation of soil, moisture, and native climate circumstances, this Gigantic Gibraltar all through the course of of higher adapting itself to loamy and mucky soils grew to alter into considerably modified. This modified selection is now provided by some individuals all through the commerce as Large Denia onion.

Contained in the meantime, working alongside solely totally completely completely different strains, a wonderful English seed concern, beginning with Yellow Zittau Large as a basis inventory, developed that good exhibition onion typically known as Ailsa Craig, which correct now performs a necessary half in each vegetable exhibit on both aspect of the Atlantic.

Summarizing the acknowledged sorts of onion which may be suitably grown for exhibition specimens, we attributable to this actuality have :

1. American Prize-Taker, clever for cultivation on the clay soils fairly typically all by the use of the nation.
2. Large Denia, thriving probably largest beneath irrigation, and in sections having correctly drained soils and a excessive altitude, although it furthermore does correctly on muck.
3. Ailsa Craig, able to the right progress of any, nonetheless by far more than likely primarily probably the most exacting in regard to its circumstances of progress. It does notably correctly on the Pacific Coast; furthermore on deep, heavy clays and on loamy soils.

PARSNIPS

Just like the carrot, they’re a decorative attribute of the yard and can also be grown to edge rows or beds of varied greens if desired; they need to occupy a wonderful place all through the yard, as their progress is decrease than most completely completely different yard crops, and the fantastic thing about the fern-like leaves makes them engaging always. They haven’t the nice shade of the parsley, being heaps darker in foliage, nonetheless they offset that vegetable and distinction fantastically with the pink foliage of the beets.

They’re one amongst many earliest greens to be began in spring, and so are out of the way in which by which by means of which ahead of the primary crops have to be gotten into the underside, which is a selected revenue. The seed must be sown in drills, an identical to the carrot, making the drills a bit farther aside—about fifteen inches—and dropping the seed as evenly and sparsely all through the rows as doable. The seed must be planted about one-half of an inch deep and the earth pressed down above it. The soil must be wealthy and deep and the after cultivation thorough and caught. As quickly on account of the seed has germinated and the little vegetation massive sufficient to tell apart, all weeds must be away from between and all sides of the rows, the cultivator taking wonderful care of these between the rows. When the vegetation are three or 4 inches excessive, skinny out to face six inches aside all through the row. The vegetation pulled up can also be used to plant additional rows or to fill in any vacant areas all through the current rows.

Whereas the standard of the roots are heaps improved by leaving all through the flooring over winter, sufficient for instant use can also be saved in damp sand or earth all through the cellar, or they could very properly be dug and piled in pits all through the flooring and coated with a mound of earth and boards to shed rain, nonetheless the cellar will seemingly be discovered additional useful, as in case of most native climate it ought to seemingly be discovered virtually as strong to get into the heaps as to dig the roots from the open flooring.

The precise option to plant is the Giant Sugar or Hole Crown, and one ounce of seed will plant 100 ft of drill.

POTATOES

Rising potatoes in a as soon as extra or in a typical suburban yard is often not steered due to it’s urged that, given the an an identical quantity of house, completely completely different crops are apt to be additional worthwhile. That’s true if potatoes just isn’t going to be actually “grown” ; nevertheless it is in actuality doable virtually any season, in case you meet each requirement of this exacting crop—for it’s exacting —and do your half in making circumstances helpful, to dig hills the place eight to fifteen clear, high-quality potatoes roll out. After which potatoes are value whereas.

In case you could be planting only some rows or varied bushels of seed it’s most vital that each potato has a doc of utmost effectivity as soon as extra of it, or in a number of phrases that it comes from good seed, of a variety suited to the locality and that it’s planted free from illness and saved that methodology so far as doable. Whatever the differ, by all means get licensed or hill chosen potatoes to your seed, and ensure they aren’t potatoes merely provided for seed.

Many a grower has discovered that prime costs just isn’t going to be frequently a dependable information in trying to find seed inventory.

There are a selection of fantastic varieties from which the gardener must resolve on the form he should plant. For cool, moist areas and a deep wealthy soil with a substantial amount of rainfall and funky native climate, Inexperienced Mountain for late planting will give massive yields of the right top of the range; for the early planting Irish Cobbler, a blocky white-skinned tuber, will current admirable. The place the crop has to take care of scorching, dry intervals all by means of the summer season season season, nothing will give bigger outcomes than some number of the “Rural” group. Amongst these are to be discovered such frequent favorites as Rural New Yorker, Carmen No. 3, Sir Walter Raleigh, and Golden Petosky. Correct proper right here, too, such early varieties as Early Ohio and Irish Cobbler will give frequent satisfaction. If varied of the earliest form are wished, a row or two of Triumph will give edible potatoes per week or ten days ahead of Irish Cobbler or Early Ohio.

After having situated the potatoes for seed, and whereas ready for winter to go, it’s correctly to pick the place for the potato patch. A wealthy, unfastened, sandy loam will give largest outcomes. It must be stuffed with pure matter. To ensure of this, if doable, cowl all of it by means of the winter with correctly rotted manure to a depth of two or three inches and plow or spade early all through the spring, later totally mixing up the soil and manure and dealing the soil merely earlier to planting to a depth of about eight inches. Thorough pulverizing of the soil will afford a unfastened plant mattress, unlock the required plant meals, and assist to retain an abundance of moisture so wished for giant yields.

For early potatoes the sooner they’re often planted the higher, whereas the late ones might very properly be planted from Could till July, relying on the locality. When the tubers are dormant, ideally a minimal of a month ahead of planting, deal with them for scab and completely completely different illness carried on the pores and pores and skin of the tubers. This consists in immersing the tubers in an answer of corrosive sublimate for an hour and a half, nonetheless not. Place the potatoes to be handled in a picket barrel or completely completely different container and canopy with the poison determination. The quantity wished will differ with the amount of potatoes to be handled, nonetheless an ouncesof corrosive sublimate powder dissolved first in a quart of boiling water after which added to seven and one half gallons of water will seemingly be ample to deal with a few bushels.

After soaking the tubers for an hour and a half take out and unfold them out to dry. Potatoes so handled ought to by no means be eaten or used for inventory meals.

After treating, place them in a cool place and about three or 4 weeks ahead of planting time unfold them out on the underside of a room or crib the place they will be uncovered to the sunshine every day. Really they have to not be allowed to freeze. In a short while the vigorous tubers will produce extremely efficient inexperienced sprouts which could develop a few quarter of an inch extended after which stop rising. Tubers which produce massive spindling sprouts or none in the least must be discarded. Inexperienced-sprouting potatoes on this technique will make early potatoes mature ten days earlier and provides an additional uniform vigorous stand. For late potatoes take away from storage and unfold out all through the gentle the place they first start to stage out indicators of sprouting.

In reducing, the slice beneath the stem finish must be lower off first, reducing about one half inch deep. Then check out the lower flooring, whether or not or not it is white it may very well be used for seed, nevertheless when it has darkish spots in it, a few quarter inch beneath the pores and pores and pores and skin, discard; for it’s a sign of wilt, a typical potato illness which causes the early demise of the plant. After making this preliminary lower the tubers must be lower into objects relating to the measurement of a hen’s egg with a minimal of 1 inexperienced sprout to every piece.

It’s best to plant instantly after reducing, one piece in a spot in rows twenty to thirty inches aside, spacing the objects about twelve inches distant all through the row.  For small gardens rows can also be positioned as shut as eighteen inches. Cowl the objects from three to 5 inches deep and keep the soil unfastened over the patch till the growths seem. Stage cultivation, ceaselessly retaining a shallow mud mulch, will defend the moisture and keep the vegetation rising vigorously.

When vegetation are eight inches tall spray them totally with Bordeaux into which lead arsenate has been positioned. Bordeaux combination is made in small elements by dissolving three stage tablespoonfuls of copper sulfate in a few quart of scorching water after which pouring into an enormous jar or picket bucket and along with ample water to make three quarts. Subsequent combine ten stage tablespoonfuls of hydrated lime with a quart of water and pour into the copper sulfate determination, stirring ceaselessly. That is Bordeaux prepared to be used. To deal with the potato bugs stir into this amount six stage tablespoonfuls of powdered lead arsenate. To extend elements all that’s wished is to multiply the parts of the quite a few elements.

Bordeaux will stimulate the vegetation and keep them inexperienced and vigorous after unsprayed vines have died. When poison is added, potato bugs are managed on the an an identical time. On the very least three capabilities of Bordeaux must be made, about ten days to 2 weeks aside, all by means of the rising season. By thorough spraying, many Indiana farmers have secured from twenty-two to thirty-five bushels additional potatoes per acre.

At digging time it’s a clever gardener who goes into his patch and selects varied of more than likely primarily probably the most vigorous hills with a great deal of clear uniform potatoes for his seed inventory one completely different yr. These must be saved in a cool, moist place all by means of the winter.

RADISHES

For very early use, the seed can also be sown in hotbeds or frames and a second crop sown all through the open flooring, in a sunny, sheltered place, in April. The seed can also be sown at intervals of two or three weeks as so much as the primary of September. Sow in totally ready flooring in shallow drills ten inches aside and skinny to face two inches aside all through the rows, allowing, in any case, additional home for the bigger summer season season season and winter varieties.

There are three the explanation why radishes develop “pithy”, i. e. : (1) improper soil, (2) rising the improper selection for a given season, (3) not slicing down.

First, as to the soil. The “preferrred” for this particular vegetable is a correctly enriched loam, with a slight admixture of clay; one which’s wealthy in humus and virtually devoid of clay will develop as brittle and as good-looking a radish as anyone may have, nonetheless it ought to seemingly be almost tasteless. Nonetheless, in a stiff clay devoid of humus the event of the radish will seemingly be so gradual that it turns into woody or, all by means of a sudden scorching spell, spongy and pithy; and it furthermore tends to make aspect roots.

For all clever options radishes can also be divided into early, mid-season, and late varieties. Among the many many many early varieties a few of the perfect behaved are Speedy Purple, Crimson Large Forcing, Scarlet Globe, Sparkler, French Breakfast, Extended Scarlet Short-term

Prime, and White Icicle. It’s a peculiar actuality that the handsomest radishes are furthermore these displaying more than likely primarily probably the most fickle tendencies. Amongst these named, Sparkler (which is the right pressure of Scarlet Turnip White Tip) , and French Breakfast, its olive-shaped companion, will flip into pithy barely additional shortly beneath reverse circumstances of soil and season than any of the remaining.

Extended Scarlet Short-term Prime has a white-tipped affiliate, Extended Brightest Scarlet or Cardinal. Contained in the quick interval of twenty-four hours, on wealthy muck soil I’ve acknowledged this latter to level out from an excellent wanting, although comparatively tasteless crop, to a pithy, ineffective one. So fast is the deterioration of this selection that the growers themselves repeatedly just isn’t going to remember that the peerlessly good radishes they marketed yesterday are unfit for market to-day.

The varieties named, and all through the order given, with honest soil and native climate circumstances, ought to indicate into prepared to be used in from eighteen to 25 days, as so much as Could 1st.

There are actually solely three varieties that must be typically known as heat-resisting, mid-season varieties. One is Chartier, or Shepherd, which is a protracted pink radish, prepared for pulling from July 1st to fifteenth from seeds sown Could 1st to fifteenth. Fully completely different claims fairly the alternative nonetheless, I’ve discovered Extended White Vienna, or Lady Finger, no bigger than Icicle.

The choice two varieties which will actually stand warmth are White Strasburg and White Stuttgart, each white-skinned, firm-fleshed, summer season season season varieties, differing considerably in sort and—although little or no—in time of maturity. From seeds sown early in Could they may give good returns all by means of August, when each completely completely different selection goes on strike.

There are two distinct packages of the large-growing winter varieties : one which retains correctly and one that doesn’t. The Chinese language language language varieties, of which White Chinese language language language, or Celestial, and Chinese language language language Rose Winter are the best-known, will develop woody or spongy after December 1st, it doesn’t matter what soil produced them. Nonetheless, the European sorts of the Spanish form would require longer to develop and won’t develop so massive, nonetheless will seemingly be firm-fleshed till away late into spring. Now merely as there’s a chance of planting early radishes too late so furthermore may the error be fabricated from planting the winter varieties too early! Contained in the latitude of New York the right time is about July 1st to fifteenth; i. e., everytime you’ll sow winter turnips. An earlier sowing may yield a a lot larger root, nonetheless not one match for the desk.

The last word, although not the least important, diploma in radish rising is the necessity of applicable slicing down and transplanting. Most residence gardeners ( and even professionals, for that matter) appear to neglect that good radish seed, akin to is distributed out by each dependable seed home, grows bigger than 90 per cent. In consequence about ten instances as heaps seed in a row as that row can protect in the way in which by which by means of which of well-developed radishes is often sown.

Even when planted with the right precaution, each row of radishes will protect too many seedlings; and crowded rows, whereas circuitously accountable for pithy roots, assist an unbelievable deal to convey this case about. Subsequently, skinny out determinedly; enable for the small spherical varieties one to 2 inches aside all through the row; for the extended and mid-season varieties, a minimal of 4 inches aside all through the row, six inches being bigger for each White Strasburg and White Stuttgart; winter radishes must be a minimal of six inches aside; for the Chinese language language language varieties, eight inches is most interesting.

RADISHES FOR ALL SEASONS

One packet sows 30 ft of row. An oz. every of an additional early spherical and extended white, plus a packet of a summer season season season and winter selection, will pro-vide to your full yr.

SALSIFY OR VEGETABLE OYSTER

Salisfy requires the an an identical customized as carrots and parsnips. Sow early in spring in drills fifteen inches aside, scattering the seed an inch deep and treading down the rows. Skinny to face 4 to 6 inches aside all through the rows and keep away from weeds and the soil correctly labored and mellow. Salsify presumably used all through the autumn or left all through the flooring over winter, getting used early in spring, when it first seems in market. A gift for the winter can also be dug and saved in packing containers of moist earth or sand all through the cellar if desired. When left all through the flooring, it must be dug ahead of progress begins all through the spring. It succeeds largest in a light-weight, mellow soil. The Mammoth Sandwich Island is the right option to develop, Extended White may be a wonderful selection.

TURNIPS

Are generally grown as a catch crop to look at.after one different crop which has didn’t prosper or has matured and been gathered. For winter use, they needn’t be sown ahead of the center of July or the primary of August. Any good yard soil will develop the turnip, as it isn’t particular as to soil or location. For yard customized, the seed must be sown in shallow drills fifteen inches aside and the vegetation thinned to face 4 to 6 inches aside all through the row.

Widespread varieties to develop, among the many many many early varieties are Snowball, Purple Prime Strap Leaf and Purple Prime White Globe. Primarily primarily probably the most extensively planted among the many many many bigger retaining winter varieties or Rutabagas is American Purple Prime Yellow.